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python2.x捕获异常语法：
try:
...some functions...
except Exception, e:
print(e)
python3.x捕获异常语法：
try:
...some functions...
except Exception as e:
print(e)
注意这里 Exception, e 变成了 Exception as e python常见的异常类型 1. NameError：尝试访问一个未申明的变量 >>> v NameError: name 'v' is not defined 2. ZeroDivisionError：除数为0 >>> v = 1/0 ZeroDivisionError: int division or modulo by zero 3. SyntaxError：语法错误 int int SyntaxError: invalid syntax (, line 1) 4. IndexError：索引超出范围 List = [2] >>> List[3] Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in List[3] IndexError: list index out of range 5. KeyError：字典关键字不存在 Dic = {'1':'yes', '2':'no'} >>> Dic['3'] Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in Dic['3'] KeyError: '3' 6. IOError：输入输出错误 >>> f = open('abc') IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'abc' 7. AttributeError：访问未知对象属性 >>> class Worker: def Work(): print("I am working") >>> w = Worker() >>> w.a Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in w.a AttributeError: 'Worker' object has no attribute 'a' 8.ValueError：数值错误 >>> int('d') Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in int('d') ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'd' 9. TypeError：类型错误 >>> iStr = '22' >>> iVal = 22 >>> obj = iStr + iVal; Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in obj = iStr + iVal; TypeError: Can't convert 'int' object to str implicitly 10. AssertionError：断言错误 >>> assert 1 != 1 Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in assert 1 != 1 AssertionError 11.MemoryError:内存耗尽异常 12. NotImplementedError：方法没实现引起的异常 class Base(object): def __init__(self): pass def action(self): #抛出异常，说明该接口方法未实现 raise NotImplementedError 13. LookupError：键、值不存在引发的异常LookupError异常是IndexError、KeyError的基类， 如果你不确定数据类型是字典还是列表时，可以用LookupError捕获此异常 14. StandardError 标准异常除StopIteration, GeneratorExit, KeyboardInterrupt 和SystemExit外，其他异常都是StandarError的子类。 错误检测与异常处理区别在于：错误检测是在正常的程序流中，处理不可预见问题的代码，例如一个调用操作未能成功结束。 |
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